Chapter Summaries
I will post chapter summaries in this posting.Chapter 9 (Principles of Hairstyling)
I. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
FORM
The outline or silhouette of the style as seen from all angles. The form should be in proportion to the shape of the head and face, length and width or neck and the should line.
SPACE
The area the style occupies. Also called the volume. It’s three dimensional as well as having length, width, and depth. It may contain curls, waves, straight hair or a combination.
LINE--Lines create form, design or movement and can be straight or curved
- Horizontal--Parallel to the floor or horizon and will add width to a hairstyle. The eye of the observer follows the line out to the ends creating width to the hairstyle.
- Vertical--Straight up and down line which makes a hairstyle appear longer and narrower. The eye of the observer follows the line up and down creating height to the hairstyle.
- Diagonal--Positioned between a horizontal and a vertical line and is used for emphasis or to minimize facial features. A diagonal line will also create interest in a hairstyle.
- Curved--Used to soften a design and can be either large or small. It can be placed horizontally (inverted), vertically (uniform profile) or diagonally (wave). Curved lines repeating in opposite directions are called waves.
- DESIGNING WITH LINES
- Single Line--Best for minimum cares hairstyles such as a one length bob
- Repeating Lines--Parallel lines in a style which are straight or curved. Repetition will create interest. An example is a fingerwave.
- Contrasting lines--Horizontal and vertical lines that meet at a 90-degree angle and create a hard edge or a weight line. They are usually used for clients with a strong personality to create a strong look. Geometric cuts are a good example.
- Transitional lines--Thee are usually curved lines and are used to blend and soften both horizontal and vertical lines. Face-framing or personalizing is a good example.
COLOR
- Color Psychology--Color is important visually and psychologically. It can alter the appearance of size and can create texture or lines. Color can be used to tie other design elements together. Lighter colors seem youthful and exciting. Darker colors may seem seductive or mysterious. Warm colors tend to be soft and cooler colors are bold and dramatic.
- Creating dimension with color--Light or warm colors create the illusion of volume. Dark or cool colors recede or move in toward the head and create the illusion of less volume. When colors that are warm and cool alternate with those that are light and dark, the illusion of dimension is created.
- Creating lines with color--Using lighter color, you can draw a line in the direction you want the eye of the observer to travel. This line will create an interesting or dramatic accent to the hairstyle.
- Color Selection--Tone must be compatible with client’s skin tones so as not to conflict. When using two or more colors they should be within two levels of each other unless you are aiming for high contrast in the color design.
WAVE PATTERN
Natural wave patterns
Straight, wavy, curly or extra curly. Straight hair reflects light better and looks good cut into one length. Wavy hair can be styled to create horizontal lines. Curly hair does not reflect much light and appears coarse and frizzy to the tough.
Creating wave patterns with styling tools
Wave patterns can be created temporarily using heat or wet styling techniques such as curling irons, hot rollers, blow dryers, flat irons, crimping irons, rollers, pin curls, finger waves etc. Curly hair can be straightened with blow dryers or a flat iron.
Changing wave pattern with chemicals
More permanent relaxers, permanent waves etc. They last until new growth is long enough to alter the design.
Tips for designing with wave patterns
Avoid too many combinations
· Result is a look that is too busy. Keep combinations to a minimum of three.
Smooth patterns to accent the face
· Use smooth wave patterns to narrow round head shapes.
Curly patterns take away from the face.
· Use them to soften square or rectangular features.
II. PRINCIPLES OF HAIR DESIGN
PROPORTION
Relationship between objects relative to their size. Analogy: A 60” TV in a very small room or a 13” TV in a very large room. Hairstyles can be created to correct or give the illusion of balance to out of proportion face shapes.
Body proportion
Hair and body proportions must be compatible. Example: a client with large hips or broad shoulders should have a larger hairstyle that is proportional. Tip: Hair should never be wider than the center of the shoulders.
Balance
Harmony or proportion in styling signifies the proper degree of height and width. It can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Divide the face into 4 equal parts See Figure 33 and where the lines cross is the central axis. If the hairstyle is symmetrical both sides are equidistant from the axis and have the same length and volume.
Symmetrical --Design is similar on both sides and are the same distance from the center. The hairstyle contains the same length, width and volume even if it is a different shape.
The hairstyle has unequal proportions designed to balance facial features. Opposites side of the head have different lengths, width and volume which can be horizontal or diagonal.
Asymmetrical --Features are in unequal proportions and the style is designed to balance the facial features. Opposite sides are different lengths or the volume is uneven. It can be horizontal or diagonal.
RHYTHM
The regular recurrent pattern of movement in a style. It can be fast (tight curls) or slow (larger shapings or long waves).
EMPHASIS
The place the observer sees first (focal point). The eye then travels to the rest of the design. It is created in several ways.
· Wave Patterns
· Color
· Change in Form
· Ornamentation
HARMONY
The orderly and pleasing arrangement of shapes and lines that holds all elements of the design together. A harmonious style is in proportion to the client’s facial and body structure.
posted by vplahey @ 6:03 AM
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